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| Notes for Matilda (Maud) DE HUNTINGDON Qn. of Scotland | ||||||||||||||
| Merged General Note: She also had one son and two daughters withDavid I, king of Scotland. | ||||||||||||||
| Notes for David I (Saint) (Spouse 1) | ||||||||||||||
| From KINGS & QUEENS OF SCOTLAND By Alan Bold The sixth and lastson of Malcolm Canmore and queen Margaret, married Matilda ofHuntingdon, grand-daughter of earl Siward of Northumbria, andhad a legitimate claim to a large part of northern England. Hegrew up in the care of William the Conqueror (Fodor's SCOTLAND)Other notes:When his oldest brother, King Edgar, died, he leftthe Scottish domains north of the Forth of Clyde to anotherbrother, who became King Alexander I, while David inheritedsouthern Scotland with the title of earl of Cumbria. Six yearslater, David married the daughter of the earl of Northumbria andthereby became earl of Huntingdon and a vassal of the Englishcrown. In 1124 King Alexander died, and David became king ofScotland. From 1136 to 1138, he tried unsuccessfully to help hisniece Matilda (1102-67) secure the English throne. ThereafterDavid devoted himself to ruling Scotland. He replaced thetraditional Scottish tribal organization with a feudal onemodeled after that of Norman England and was noted for thecastles he built and the monasteries he founded. Merged GeneralNote: When his oldest brother, King Edgar, died, he left theScottish domains north of the Forth of Clyde to another brother,who became King Alexander I, while David inherited southernScotland with the title of earl of Cumbria. Six years later,David married the daughter of the earl of Northumbria andthereby became earl of Huntingdon and a vassal of the Englishcrown. In 1124 King Alexander died, and David became king ofScotland. From 1136 to 1138, he tried unsuccessfully to help hisniece Matilda (1102-67) secure the English throne. ThereafterDavid devoted himself to ruling Scotland. He replaced thetraditional Scottish tribal organization with a feudal onemodeled after that of Norman England and was noted for thecastles he built and the monasteries he founded. ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRITANNICA: David I (b. c. 1082--d. May 24, 1153, Carlisle, Cumberland, Eng.), oneof the most powerful Scottish kings (reigned from 1124). Headmitted into Scotland an Anglo-French (Norman) aristocracy thatplayed a major part in the later history of the kingdom. He alsoreorganized Scottish Christianity to conform with continentalEuropean and English usages and founded many religiouscommunities, mostly for Cistercian monks and Augustinian canons. The youngest of the six sons of the Scottish king Malcolm IIICanmore and Queen Margaret (afterward St. Margaret), David spentmuch of his early life at the court of his brother-in-law KingHenry I of England. Through David's marriage (1113) to adaughter of Waltheof, earl of Northumbria, he acquired theEnglish earldom of Huntingdon and obtained much land in thatcounty and in Northamptonshire. With Anglo-Norman help, Davidsecured from his brother Alexander I, king of Scots from 1107,the right to rule Cumbria, Strathclyde, and part of Lothian. InApril 1124, on the death of Alexander, David became king ofScots. David recognized his niece, the Holy Roman empress Matilda (died1167), as heir to Henry I in England, and from 1136 he foughtfor her against King Stephen (crowned as Henry's successor inDecember 1135), hoping thereby to gain Northumberland forhimself. A brief peace made with Stephen in 1136 resulted in thecession of Cumberland to David and the transfer of Huntingdon tohis son Earl Henry. David, however, continued to switch sides.While fighting for Matilda again, he was defeated in the Battleof the Standard, near Northallerton, Yorkshire (Aug. 22, 1138).He then made peace once more with Stephen, who in 1139 grantedNorthumberland (as an English fief) to Earl Henry. In 1141 Davidreentered the war on Matilda's behalf, and in 1149 he knightedher son Henry Plantagenet (afterward King Henry II of England),who acknowledged David's right to Northumberland. In Scotland, David created a rudimentary central administration,issued the first Scottish royal coinage, and built or rebuiltthe castles around which grew the first Scottish burghs:Edinburgh, Stirling, Berwick, Roxburgh, and perhaps Perth. Asruler of Cumbria he had taken Anglo-Normans into his service,and during his kingship many others settled in Scotland,founding important families and intermarrying with the olderScottish aristocracy. Bruce, Stewart, Comyn, and Oliphant areamong the noted names whose bearers went from northern France toEngland during the Norman Conquest in 1066 and then to Scotlandin the reign of David I. To these and other French-speakingimmigrants, David granted land in return for specified militaryservice or contributions of money, as had been done in Englandfrom the time of the Conquest. Related Propaedia Topics The Kingdom of England and its continental dependencies from theNorman Conquest to the death of Edward I; Scotland, Wales, andIreland (1066-1307) Copyright (c) 1996 Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc. All RightsReserved | ||||||||||||||
| Notes for Simon (Spouse 2) | ||||||||||||||
| Witness to K. Henry I's laws, 1100, after which he made a voyageto the Holy Land and d. on his rturn (1115) at the abbey ofCharity in France | ||||||||||||||
| Last Modified 1 Apr 1999 | Created 19 Aug 2001 by the BLACKADDER researchers: © on all pages |